Feed filtering means that your followers can apply filters – such as keyword filters, tag filters, or author filters – to only receive certain messages from your feed.
For example, have a look at the filtering options on Techcrunch’s follow page.
Feed filtering ensures that your followers will not receive too much content. If you forced them to receive every story from your feed, then – especially if your feed is sending out a lot of messages – less people will decide to follow you.
However, if you want, you can disallow feed filtering.